The Battle of Surabaya

           The Battle of Surabaya

 

 

On 10 November, Indonesia celebrate Hari Pahlawan or Herores Day in remembrance of the Battle of Surabaya which started on that very date in the year 1945. The bloody battle tool place because Indonesian refused to surrender their weaponry to British army. British army at that time was part of the Allied Forces. The defiant Bung Tomo is The well-known revolutionary leader who played a very important role in this battle.

It all started because of a misunderstanding belween British troops in Jakarta and those in Surabaya, Under the command of Brigadier A.W.WS. Mallaby. Brigadir Mallaby already had an agreement with Governor of East Java Mr. Surya. The agreement stated that British would not ask Indonesian troops and militia to surrender their weapons.

However, a British plane from Jakarta dropped leaflest all over Surabaya. The leaflest told Indonesian to do otherwise on 27 October 1945. This action angered the Indonesian troops and militia leaders because they felt betrayed.

On 30 October 1945, Brigadir Mallaby was killed as he was approaching the British troops' post near Jembatan Merah or Red Bridge, Surabaya, There were many reports about the death, but it was widely believed that the Brigadier was murdered by Indonesian militia. Looking at this situation, Lieutenant General Sir Philip Christison brought in reinforcements to siege the city.

In the early morning of 10 November 1945, British troops began to advance into Surabaya with cover from both naval and air bombardment. Although the Indonesians defended the city heroically, the city was conquered within 3 days, and the whole, battle lasted for 3 weeks. In total, between 6,000 and 16,000 Indonesians died while casualties on the British side were about 600 to 2000.

Battle of Surabaya caused Indonesians to lose weaponry which hampered the country's independence struggle. However, the battle proveked Indonesian and Internasional mass to rally for the country's independence which made this battle especially important for Indonesian national revolution.